敘化武由沙特親王提供給反對派 意外爆炸 P6 /美國在反擊自己還是反擊普京? P13/美國想打誰就打誰的時代結束了P17

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Re: 敘化武由沙特親王提供給反對派 意外爆炸 P6

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奧巴馬:米歇爾也不想攻敘 (12:23)

美國總統奧巴馬承認,沒把握國會會通過對敘利亞動武提案,又稱連太太米歇爾也不想美國再陷入另一場戰爭。
奧巴馬接受連串電視訪問,表示樂見俄羅斯外長提議敘利亞交出化學武器控制權,供國際監督,並稱這項可能的重大突破,或可令美軍叫停動武。

奧巴馬接受全國廣播公司(NBC)訪問表示,他也許無法贏得國會授權對敘利亞動武提案。他說﹕「我不能說自己對表決結果有信心。」

他說,如果國會否決提案,「我尚未決定下一步要怎麼做」。

奧巴馬也提到,他曾和第一夫人米歇爾和其他家人討論敘利亞問題。他說,美國人民普遍厭戰,因此「我們不確定能贏得大多數美國民眾支持」。民調顯示,逾半民眾反對軍事介入敘利亞。

他說:「這不難理解。如果你與我或米歇爾的家人聊聊,你會發現,他們也非常厭戰,並對任何軍事行動持懷疑態度。」他又說﹕「如果你問某個人,或是米歇爾,『你希望美國介入戰爭嗎?』答案都是否定的。」

(中央社)
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Re: 敘化武由沙特親王提供給反對派 意外爆炸 P6

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德國總理默克爾(Merkel)
德國總理默克爾(Merkel)
U517P4T8D5267715F107DT20130910143223.jpg (42.06 KiB) Viewed 5581 times
默克爾:即便安理會授權德國也不參與對敘動武
2013-09-10

據德國《圖片報》9月9日報導,日前,德國總理默克爾(Merkel)重申了德國不會參與任何針對敘利亞的軍事行動的立場:“即便是聯合國安理會授權對敘利亞進行軍事干預,德國也不會參與其中。”

報導稱,默克爾在為競選拉票的電視節目中被問及了有關敘利亞問題的態度,於是她做出了上述表態。此外,默克爾同樣認為,敘利亞應該將其化學武器交由國際社會共同管理。
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Re: 敘化武由沙特親王提供給反對派 意外爆炸 P6

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Kerry was "thinking aloud" when he said he foresaw circumstances in which there could be US boots on the ground in Syria
Kerry was "thinking aloud" when he said he foresaw circumstances in which there could be US boots on the ground in Syria
_69742576_kerry2.jpg (21.43 KiB) Viewed 5576 times
Most US citizens oppose a military strike on Syria
Most US citizens oppose a military strike on Syria
_69757862_019243268.jpg (24.68 KiB) Viewed 5576 times
Mardell: Obama finds reason to pause

10 September 2013 Last updated at 02:28 GMT

President Barack Obama has hit the pause button - and sounds more relieved than resolute in his interviews.

Both possible military action against Syria and the vote that could have spelled disaster for the president are on hold.

It is not exactly "with one bound he was free", but it is at least a breathing space for him.

One way of avoiding a "no" vote is not holding it.

The president's attitude stands in stark contrast to that of his Secretary of State John Kerry and the line of officials who seemed brusquely dismissive of the Russian plan.

The spokesperson at the state department labelled it a delaying tactic and denied that it had been discussed with the Russians.

President Obama, by contrast, confirmed that he did discuss it with President Vladimir Putin in St Petersburg.

He said he "fervently hoped" that the crisis over Syria's use of chemical weapons could be "resolved in a non-military way" - he would exhaust all diplomatic options before taking action. He didn't mention the idea of punishing the Assad regime for crossing his red lines.

He said he wanted to hear the sort of language the Russians were using and get a sense of how serious they were.

The hawks in Congress may not like this but many Democrats will.

It is difficult to say if President Obama genuinely thinks this could be a resolution or if he is going out of his way to give peace a chance.

Either way, he was clear that he wanted to "slow this thing down".

The Senate was thinking of holding a first vote on Wednesday. That now won't happen. President Obama suggested that it could be a couple of weeks before there are any votes.

At the end of the process he could just look like the smartest guy in the room - if Syria really was on track to give up its weapons, going to Congress and delaying action wouldn't look so dumb.

If it seems they and the Russian aren't serious, exhausting all diplomatic possibilities might convince a few more members of Congress to vote his way for military action.

The real danger would be getting dragged into a long-running mess, where weapons inspectors are given the run-around and Mr Obama looks gullible.

There are lots of options, many ways this could pan out, but the Russian intervention has dramatically changed the situation.


Mardell: Slender chance Russia proposal saves Obama

The Russian idea to get rid of Syrian chemical weapons probably weakens US President Barack Obama's already weak hand and leaves the White House in something of a quandary.

However, there is a slender chance it saves his bacon.

I must admit, when I saw the Russian rapid response to US Secretary of State John Kerry's musings about such a deal, it crossed my mind this had been cooked up in advance.

If the Syrians quickly backed down, that could let President Obama off the hook for a vote that is going to be very tricky for him.

But if this is choreography, then there are some startlingly good actors in the White House and at the US Department of State, who appear less than impressed.

At State, they sounded very cynical about the Russian plan: "Picking up this ball and turning it into something it was never intended to be is an example, quite frankly, we think, of yet another stalling tactic."

The White House say they will "look hard" at the idea but note Mr Assad's track record doesn't suggest he can be trusted. They argue that only their threat of force has brought this response, so it makes the case for a "yes" vote.

They have a point, but I suspect many more in Congress - who don't want action anyway - will feel this glimmer of hope is another reason to vote "no".

If the White House has based its whole case on common sense, then there is nothing more common sense than putting chemical weapons beyond use. It will make other countries even more keen on the UN route.

It is a distraction from the big sell, another question to divert President Obama from making a straight case. If action is delayed, it will annoy those senators who want a grander action aimed at regime change, even if that is now called "degrading assets".

It raises even more memories of Iraq - the ability of regimes to play games with weapons inspectors and for the US to use that as a reason for action.

Mr Kerry was "thinking aloud" the other day when he envisaged some circumstances where there could be boots on the ground. This is being called "a rhetorical statement" by his staff.

I dislike politicians being forced to speak in confined straight lines, but you can see why their communications directors may not feel the same.

Many in the world may regard this as a hopeful day. I suspect that is not the mood in the White House.
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Re: 敘化武由沙特親王提供給反對派 意外爆炸 P6

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Syria has welcomed the Russian initiative on international control over its chemical weapons
Syria has welcomed the Russian initiative on international control over its chemical weapons
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Press: Russia offers Obama exit from Syria crisis

Media commentators believe Russia's proposal for Syria to relinquish its chemical weapons could offer all players - and especially US President Barack Obama - a face-saving exit from a tricky situation.

They say it could help Mr Obama avoid a potentially humiliating failure to win support from Congress for military action, and spare a reluctant West armed involvement in Syria. It could also allow Russian President Vladimir Putin - so far seen as a strong supporter of the Syrian regime - to present himself as an impartial mediator, according to some.

But others wonder whether Russia is merely trying to win time for Damascus or undermine support for military action. A Russian newspaper, on the other hand, believes the US is hell-bent on military action in any case, pointing out that US officials already appear to have rowed back from comments by US Secretary of State John Kerry seen as having raised the idea.

Editorial in the New York Times

"Secretary of State John Kerry may not have expected his casual suggestion that Syria avert American military action by giving up its chemical weapons to be taken seriously. But it may have created a diplomatic way out for President Obama... He has won little support for his plan internationally, in Congress or with the American public."

Ghassan Shabaneh, commenting on Al-Jazeera TV

"There are doubts about the true intentions of the Syrian regime to give up those weapons... [and] the proposal might be a political manoeuvre to buy time. It is a smart move by the Russian officials and the Syrians went with it."

Article in Lebanese pro-Assad daily Al-Akhbar

"There is no doubt that the Russian initiative is a turning point and puts an end to the efforts to strike Syria, in return for international supervision of its chemical weapons arsenal. There is also no doubt that it has changed the equation and left an air of relief in a region that was expecting rivers of blood and destructive earthquakes. But the devil is, as always, in the detail."

Guenther Nonnemacher in German daily Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung

"Politically, this has a certain attractiveness. Obama is faced with the challenge of persuading his doubtful countrymen and an intractable Congress of the merits of military action. Putin would be able to rid himself of the image of a naysayer stubbornly protecting a mass murderer. And the West as a whole would be spared the dilemma of having to intervene in a civil war it wants to keep out of."

Ansgar Graw in German daily Die Welt

"Maybe it is just a ruse to win time for Bashar al-Assad. But since the Syrian despot seems to be playing merely a minor role in the struggle for his country's future, one may sum things up as follows: If the Russians are serious with their initiative, Barack Obama could in the next few months actually earn the Nobel Peace Prize he was prematurely awarded about four years ago."

David Shain in Israeli daily Ma'ariv

"The Russians' compromise proposal is a ladder that allows everyone to get down from the trees they have climbed up. The only ones who will be unhappy at it acceptance are Syria's citizens, as this means the continuation of the brutal civil war. Behind the smiles, the status quo will persist, as if no chemical weapons were used and Syrian children were not being murdered with conventional weapons every day."

Amos Harel in Israeli daily Ha'aretz

"Obama has much to gain from such a deal: He is still having trouble mobilising support in Congress. If most of the chemical weapons are removed from Syria, Obama can say that he did his thing: He promised weapons of mass destruction would not be used again. At the same time, he would spare himself political confrontation in Washington and entanglement in a military attack."

Corine Lesnes in French daily Le Monde

"As Hillary Clinton said on Monday, the Russian initiative is 'an important step'. And a development which could - temporarily - save face for Barack Obama at a time when he is coming up against a growing wall of opposition."

Laure Mandeville in French daily Le Figaro

"Is this a simple Russian diversionary tactic intended to spread unease and doubt in the US Congress? Or have the Russians perhaps decided to force the hand of their Syrian ally, hoping to come out of it with the image of a 'saviour' or mediator? Are they sketching out a way out for an America which does not want another intervention even if it brandishes it?"

Galina Dudina and Yelena Chernenko in Russian daily Kommersant

"The fact that Damascus has agreed to Moscow's proposal will substantially weaken the position of the proponents of military intervention in Syria. Now it will be much more difficult for Barack Obama to persuade American congressmen to support military action against Damascus."

Alexei Nikolsky in Russian daily Vedomosti

"According to a source close to the Russian Defence Ministry, the US has in all likelihood already decided to launch strikes, and will continue to present Kerry's words as a slip of the tongue, or will set unrealistic conditions. An operation to establish control over [Syria's] chemical weapons is very complicated technically and politically, and the US will easily find an excuse to avoid implementing Russia's initiative."
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Re: 敘化武由沙特親王提供給反對派 意外爆炸 P6

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奧﹕不會無限期等敘交化武 (09:43)

美國總統奧巴馬發表全國演說,表示敘利亞發生化武攻擊,「我們知道」敘國巴沙爾政權要負責。

但他同時也表示,因應俄羅斯建議要求敘利亞交出化武,暫時傾向以外交手段處理,不會急於對敘利亞採取軍事行動。惟他亦警告,美國不會無了期等候。

他表示,敘利亞局勢由兩年前的和平示威,演變成內戰,上月21日更發生了嚴重化武攻擊,巴沙爾政權需要為此負責。他聲言,敘利亞用化武威脅到美國安全,華府必須採取行動,但不會派地面部隊,只會發動局部及短暫攻擊。

敘外長:願入禁化武公約
(08:30)

敘利亞外長莫蘭表示,敘利亞希望加入國際禁止化學武器公約,並讓其他國家和聯合國參觀其化武設施。
莫蘭發表聲明說:「我們準備說明化武在什麼地方,停止生產化武,並讓俄羅斯、其他國家和聯合國參觀這些設施。我們希望加入禁止化學武器公約,我們將尊重對這項公約所做的承諾,包括提供這些武器的資訊。」

在美國國務卿克里表示,如果敘利亞總統巴沙爾於下周內將全部化學武器交給國際社會,將可避免遭到軍事攻擊後,俄羅斯外交部長拉伕羅夫昨天提出敘利亞政權交出化學武器,以避免遭受軍事攻擊的建議。

莫蘭在莫斯科兩天訪問行程結束時表示:「我們支持俄羅斯的倡議,顯示我們願意放棄所有化武。」


俄:敘繳化武不能附動武威脅
(08:27)

俄羅斯總統普京說,俄方提出將敘利亞化武交給國際監控的方案,除非獲美國和其盟友答應放棄對敘動武,否則不會成功。
普京表示,他希望這項計劃「將是和平化解這項危機的良好一步」。

俄羅斯駐法國大使也表示,莫斯科準備談判一項聯合國決議案,讓國際監控敘利亞化武,但要排除「訴諸武力」執行這項決議案的可能。

聯合國安全理事會原本應俄羅斯要求,於本港時間今晨就敘利亞危機召開緊急閉門會議,但俄羅斯後來撤消這項要求,而且沒有說明理由。美國傳媒稱,俄國正與美英法就安理會議案問題角力。

俄羅斯外長拉伕羅夫表示,法國之前準備的聯合國決議案,敦促敘利亞放棄化武「否則將面對軍事行動」的條文,是「無法接受的」。

英美法將於今天向聯合國安理會提出決議草案,要求訂出敘利亞巴沙爾政權交出化學武器的「適當時間表」。美國國務卿克里表示,華盛頓認為俄羅斯的提案,必須由聯合國安全理事會背書,「才能確信提案具有應該有的效力」,但是俄羅斯不這麼認為。
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Re: 敘化武由沙特親王提供給反對派 意外爆炸 P6

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俄拋息兵方案 美稱積極進展

白宮:外交取代動武成首選



美國推動得如箭在弦的空襲敘利亞大計突現轉機。美國國務卿克里周一提出敘利亞在一周內交出化武就可免一戰的建議,俄羅斯迅速向敘方提出把化武悉數交予國際監管銷的方案,敘方表示接受,中國、法國和德國等亦對此表示支持。美國總統奧巴馬形容俄方建議為「潛在積極進展」,稱若這一方案落實,美國或擱置動武。美國參議院同時宣布押後周三的攻敘表決。

奧巴馬普京G20曾商敘問題

美俄雙方昨透露,奧巴馬及俄羅斯總統普京上周早已在G20峰會商討過有關問題。普京的發言人佩斯科夫(Dmitry Peskov)表示,普京上周在G20峰會期間與美國總統奧巴馬會晤時,曾討論過由國際社會監管敘利亞化武的想法。佩氏拒透露誰先提出這一想法。奧巴馬昨接受美國公共廣播公司(PBS) 訪問時,亦證實曾與普京討論過敘利亞化武問題。

最新事態發展令美國對敘利亞軍事行動短期成事機會大減。白宮幕僚長麥克多諾(Denis McDonough)昨與一班民主黨眾議員會面。有議員會後透露,麥克多諾向他們表示,白宮處理敘利亞問題上的首選已由軍事行動轉向外交。奧巴馬昨日與英國首相卡梅倫與法國總統奧朗德通電話,三方決定向聯合國安理會提交關於處理敘利亞化武的草案。

克里「失言」 即接俄外長來電

今次戲劇性變化始於克里(John Kerry)周一在倫敦的一番言論。被問及敘利亞總統巴沙爾能否避免美國襲擊時,他答道:「當然可以。他可以在未來一周,乾淨俐落地把他的所有化武都交予國際社會。」雖然華府官員其後宣稱克里只是「脫稿失言」。但美國傳媒報道,克里飛返華盛頓途中接到俄羅斯外長拉夫羅夫(Sergei Lavrov)的電話。在14分鐘通話裏,俄方稱其建議有利於「避免攻擊」,願協助落實國際監督敘利亞化武。

美國官員表示,克里回應稱美國「不打算玩這個遊戲」,他在倫敦「只是說說,並非建議」。然而拉夫羅夫在克里發言後5小時便向外宣布:「我們呼籲敘利亞領導人商討將化學武器存放地置於國際監督之下,然後將化武逐步銷,同時考慮加入《禁止化學武器公約》。」正在莫斯科的敘利亞外長穆阿利姆(Walid al-Moallem)隨即表示,敘利亞政府已準備好無條件參加敘利亞問題國際會議,並同意接受聯合國化學武器調查小組調查。

敘國:願受聯國化武調查

奧巴馬接受全國廣播公司(NBC)訪問時稱,俄方提議有「潛在積極進展」,如果敘方真的交出化武,美國可能暫停攻擊計劃,但他懷疑巴沙爾會否真的交出化武。他說,美方將同俄敘接觸,確保這不是敘方緩兵之計。

奧巴馬在周二晚黃金時段(香港時間今早)發表全國講話,爭取議員和國民支持其攻敘方案。《紐約時報》報道,新發展令白宮重新檢視奧巴馬講辭內容,除要解釋在有望透過外交斡旋解決危機的情下,國會為何還要表決動武議案外,也闡明新方案必須滿足什麼條件,才能令美國至少在目前放棄動武。

中國外交部發言人洪磊昨日表示,只要是有利於緩解當前敘利亞緊張局勢和政治解決敘利亞問題的建議,國際社會都應積極考慮。

(法新社/路透社/新華社/紐約時報/華盛頓郵報)
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Re: 敘化武由沙特親王提供給反對派 意外爆炸 P6

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普京鋪下台階 「挽奧巴馬面子」


對於俄羅斯提出化解美國對敘動武危機的方案,有美國中東問題專家形容它如同雙刃劍,既為美國總統奧巴馬提供了免遭國會羞辱的下台階,也打亂了其改變敘利亞戰局的如意算盤。


在美俄關係陷入低點的當下,外界很難想像俄羅斯總統普京會成為奧巴馬的「救星」。《紐約時報》形容,奧巴馬周一早上起時,面對可能在國會遭受挫敗的局面,而美國兩大政黨內有很多人相信他將因此淪為跛腳鴨。但到當天晚上,他又發現自己竟要靠普京打救。

國會支持攻敘機率低

《紐時》引述曾發表研究普京專著的美國前情報官員希爾(Fiona Hill)形容,「普京知道每個人都想要退路,所以他提供了一條路」。路透社分析指,俄國的方案至少為奧巴馬提供了一個擺脫自己製造的危機的臨時出路;敘利亞總統巴沙爾可因此保住軍事實力;至於俄羅斯,則在保護巴沙爾免於因涉嫌上月化武襲擊而遭追責的情下,擔當和平使者。

加州大學洛杉磯大學歷史系教授格爾文(James L.Gelvin)認同,在動武議案似乎難獲國會支持的現實下,俄羅斯的方案可助奧巴馬解困。格爾文向本報指出,奧巴馬從一開始就不熱中於空襲行動,而在推行時遭遇的阻力也超乎其想像,當俄方在克里周一「說漏嘴」後順水推舟提出解決方案,奧巴馬認為這為他提供了挽回面子的機會。

政府軍續佔上風 不合美盤算

不過,格爾文同時認為,這一方案也造成美國不願見到的處境。他說,美國政府削弱巴沙爾軍事實力的真正目的,是令敘利亞內戰重回僵局。按照華府的盤算,一旦將來需與俄羅斯聯手斡旋敘國內戰雙方停火,便要確保可把現有政權與反對派的「最壞元素」剔除出將來的政治過渡過程;若其中一方在戰局中佔優,這一大計便難以落實。如果巴沙爾聽話交出化武,政府軍在內戰中將繼續佔上風,這並非華府所樂見。
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Re: 敘化武由沙特親王提供給反對派 意外爆炸 P6

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國際評論﹕白宮欲拒還迎 克宮需防中伏


敘利亞局勢峰迴路轉,美國國務卿克里在記者會上拋出「敘利亞交出化武可免受襲擊」的言論,讓俄羅斯得以迅速打蛇隨棍上,提出由俄方出面說服敘國交出化武予國際監管的方案,一時間英法中國伊朗等均表態支持。到底葫蘆裏賣什麼樣的藥?

克里信口開河有前科

目前一大關注點是,克里到底真是無心之失說錯話,還是刻意放水給俄國提出斡旋方案,好讓奧巴馬有毋須動武的下台階?誠然,克里確是出了名信口開河,正如筆者月前便提過,這位國務卿居然公開揚言,埃及軍事政變推翻穆爾西是「恢復民主」,結果即時惹來批評,要急急改口。可是連奧巴馬也形容建議是「潛在積極進展」,或可避免動武,就不免令人懷疑事有蹺蹊。

事實上,隨美國參眾兩院表決臨近,在民意反對動武下,奧巴馬對獲得暫時放棄攻敘的下台階,也許心實喜之。不過無可否認的一點是,克里肯定有大嘴吧說錯話——他竟然聲稱,對敘國的任何攻擊,將是「難以置信地小規模」,迫使奧巴馬要急急澄清,美國一旦動武肯定不會只像蚊叮蟲蛟。聽入基辛格、奧爾布賴特甚至希拉里等前國務卿耳裏,會否覺得克里這位國務卿實在貽笑大方?

普京「彩」或再墮文字圈套

表面上,俄羅斯這次外交奇招,確為普京帶來一次政治勝利,但一不小心也可能墮入美法圈套。法國政府已表明,接納俄方建議有三個條件,包括由安理會通過議案,要敘利亞遵守交出化武承諾,否則面對「嚴重後果」。西方向來善於在安理會議案字眼上鑽空子,一旦真的加入了這種字眼,隨時有可能成為日後以敘利亞違反決議為由動武的口實。例如在前年利比亞危機中,西方便是以安理會1973號議案(設立禁飛區)提到「可採取所有需要的手段去保護利國平民」,作為毋須再獲聯國授權便可空襲利比亞的理據,令俄國吃大虧。

英法一擁而上 俄無路可退

法國顯然看準了俄國是今次斡旋方案的倡導者,很難拒絕把方案交予安理會正式通過,只要一提上安理會,擁有否決權的美法英,就有機會逼俄國接受在議案中加入一些暗示必要時可以動武的字眼,作為支持通過方案的條件,從而令俄國陷入騎虎難下的局面。英國首相卡梅倫「熱烈歡迎」俄國的斡旋提議,也許正是因為它讓英國未來有機會重投配合美國動武的行列,以證明美英特殊關係未變。

郭濟士
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Re: 敘化武由沙特親王提供給反對派 意外爆炸 P6

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中俄太“兇殘”了 奧巴馬借坡下驢棄敘戰而逃
2013-9-11 08:27 

摘要: 就在奧巴馬騎虎難下之時,普京突然拋出提議,正中奧巴馬下懷,立刻借坡下驢,在第一時間表示歡迎。奧巴馬認為,這是事情發展的積極一步。他明確表示,如果俄羅斯這一提議真實,美國可以考慮取消對敘動武...

  在普京提議將敦促敘利亞上交化武至國際社會監控並銷毀之後,美歐和聯合國紛紛於第一時間表態,積極表示歡迎。由此,敘利亞危機出現驚天逆轉(見筆者《普京一招震動美歐 敘危機現驚天逆轉》)
  
  普京的提議之所以很快得到各方積極回應,是因為他為不希望陷入這場戰爭的各方找到了一個合適的臺階,主戰方各國於是借坡下驢,溜之大吉。
  
  不用說聯合國的態度——一直反對用軍事干預方式解決敘利亞問題。
  
  對於奧巴馬來說,對敘動武騎虎難下,本來就在尋找退路,普京提議正好讓他有了一個適當的理由,可以體面下這個臺階。
  
  實際上,奧巴馬根本無心打這一仗,避戰之心早已有之,因而把球踢給國會,企望國會不授權以便下這個臺階,2012年2月,敘利亞內亂愈演愈烈之時,奧巴馬曾發佈措辭強硬的聲明,要求阿薩德下臺,卻同時強調不訴諸武力的重要性,而且不願意像對利比亞那樣拿出一種“幕後指揮”(lead from behind)的戰略。

  時任國務卿希拉蕊當時表態稱:“我們從一開始就明確表態,完全排除軍事干預的可能性。”
  
  近來,由於某種背後力量的推動,奧巴馬不得不決定軍事打擊,但卻一直都在強調對敘動武不是為了尋求政權更迭,只是為了通過有限打擊對阿薩德政權進行威懾,進一步阻止阿薩德再次使用化武。問題是,奧巴馬政府至今難以拿出能夠說服國際社會和國內民眾的證據,證明阿薩德系此次化武攻擊的元兇。

  就連他的幕僚長麥克多諾兩天前還承認,美國只是以“常識”認定阿薩德系化武元兇,白宮內部還沒有討論過如何將阿薩德和他祖輩30多年來積累的敘化武切割開來。美國駐聯合國大使鮑爾本月9日接受NPR採訪時,在勉強支持對敘動武的同時,承認美國對敘動武可能不合法。
  
  進一步說,奧巴馬清楚對敘動武提案無法獲得眾議院投票支持,因而退一步尋求非軍事的解決方案。美國會是否通過授權決議,取決於議員態度,而議員主要看民意是否度支持。據最新《國會山》民調顯示,截止9月9日晚,共有238名眾議員表態反對或傾向於反對這一提案,明確表示支持的只有26人,其他眾議員未決。

  按照當前眾議院席位空缺,只要眾議員反對數量達到217,奧巴馬的提案就無法獲得通過。這和美國國內民眾反對軍事打擊敘利亞的民意相呼應。尤其是對敘動武的代價,每一位國會議員和納稅人都很瞭解。


  而民調顯示,多數美國人不支持對敘動武。根據美國有線電視新聞網和ORC國際公司聯合開展的民調,儘管美國政府稱有證據表明敘利亞政府對其民眾使用化學武器,但大多數美國人仍不支持對敘利亞採取軍事行動。

  大約59%的美國人不支持美國國會授權總統奧巴馬對敘利亞進行軍事打擊。即便國會投票通過授權,仍有55%的美國人反對對敘動武。而若國會未通過授權決議,則有約71%的美國民眾反對奧巴馬在沒有國會授權的情況下對敘動武。
  
  就在奧巴馬騎虎難下之時,普京突然拋出提議,正中奧巴馬下懷,立刻借坡下驢,在第一時間表示歡迎。奧巴馬認為,這是事情發展的積極一步。他明確表示,如果俄羅斯這一提議真實,美國可以考慮取消對敘動武。

  與此同時,克裡也提出取消對敘動武的條件:如果敘利亞政府在一周內上交化武,就可以免遭軍事打擊。(見筆者《普京一招震動美歐 敘危機現驚天逆轉》)
  
  這是奧巴馬政府首次提出的政治解決敘利亞化武危機方案,同時也凸顯出奧巴馬政府也在精心編制“對敘動武”的退路。
  
  上交“化武”至國際社會監控原本就是美國的意向。普京正是抓住了奧巴馬政府的心態,即時提出促使敘上交化武的建議,正好讓奧巴馬體面接受,及時抓住這個臺階下來。因為奧巴馬要對敘動武的直接目的就是為了阻止阿薩德使用化武。

  正如美媒所指出的,克裡所提取消打擊阿薩德的條件,可能是奧巴馬政府“挽救臉面”的替代方案。
  
  對於奧巴馬的歐洲盟國來說,普京的提議和奧巴馬的表態也讓他們松了一口氣,可以不用被美國綁上戰車。英國國會本來就拒絕意參戰,首相卡梅倫不用再左右為難了;德國自始至終就表示,不會參與軍事打擊;一直力挺奧巴馬的法國政府,也可以借坡下驢,不用硬撐下去了。
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Re: 敘化武由沙特親王提供給反對派 意外爆炸 P6

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外交若失敗美下周表決動武 (08:18)

美國國會議員表示,如果外交手段無法解決敘利亞危機,參議院最快下周表決對敘動武議案。

美國國務院發言人同日表示,鑑於近日敘利亞局勢出現積極進展,美國目前對敘奉行「三軌」策略,作為其中「一軌」,國務卿克里將於本周在日內瓦與俄羅斯外長拉伕羅夫會晤,就如何銷毀敘國化學武器展開討論。至於第二軌則是支持並正在推動安理會就敘利亞問題達成一項有約束力的決議。第三軌則是繼續與國會保持溝通協調。

另外,俄羅斯國防部宣布,3艘俄國軍艦將於近日駛入地中海東部,加入在那裏執行任務的地中海機動艦隊。
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